Chapter 14
American Federalism: Elites in States and Communities
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. National conflict is reduced by
a. allowing sub-elites to pursue their own policies within the separate states
and communities.
b. confining elite decision making to the national level alone.
c. the introduction of issues by sub-elites into the national process.
d. the unitary system.
ANSWER:
a. allowing sub-elites to pursue their own policies within the separate states
and communities.
2. The "supremacy clause" is found in
a. Article I of the Constitution.
b. Article II of the Constitution.
c. Article IV of the Constitution.
d. Article VI of the Constitution.
ANSWER:
d. Article VI of the Constitution.
3. In a federal system
a. the national government depends upon the states for power.
b. the central government has the legal power to abolish or alter the power of
the elites.
c. power is divided between two separate authorities.
d. the states do not have a role in the national government.
ANSWER:
c. power is divided between two separate authorities.
4. The national government exercises
a. reserved powers.
b. delegated powers.
c. constituent powers.
d. automatic powers.
ANSWER:
b. delegated powers.
5. The "necessary and proper" clause was interpreted in what Supreme Court decision?
a. Marbury v. Madison
b. Chisholm v. Georgia
c. McCullough v. Maryland
d. Barron v. Baltimore
ANSWER:
c. McCullough v. Maryland
6. The nation's greatest crisis in federalism was
a. The Civil War.
b. The War of 1812.
c. The Mexican War.
d. The American Revolution.
ANSWER:
a. The Civil War.
7. The basis for a national system of civil rights is in the
a. Bill of Rights.
b. Fourteenth Amendment.
c. Twelfth Amendment.
d. Civil Rights Act.
ANSWER:
b. Fourteenth Amendment.
8. A national economy was created by
a. Congress.
b. The American Revolution.
c. World War I.
d. The Industrial Revolution.
ANSWER:
d. The Industrial Revolution.
9. Financial power shifted from the states to Washington as a result of the
a. Morrill Land Grant Act.
b. Fifteenth Amendment.
c. Sixteenth Amendment.
d. Northwest Ordinance.
ANSWER:
c. Sixteenth Amendment.
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10. President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society program is an example of
a. dual federalism.
b. centralized federalism.
c. cooperative federalism.
d. new federalism.
ANSWER:
b. centralized federalism.
12. In the nation's first hundred years the pattern of federal-state relations has
been described as
a. cooperative federalism.
b. centralized federalism.
c. new federalism.
d. dual federalism.
ANSWER:
d. dual federalism.
15. Historically, the states of the Deep South were examples of which of the following
elite systems?
a. dominant elites among lesser elites
b. unified elite system
c. plural elite system
d. bipolar elite system
ANSWER:
b. unified elite system
16. Michigan is an example of which of the following elite systems?
a. plural elite system
b. unified elite system
c. dominant elite among lesser elites
d. bipolar elite structure
ANSWER:
d. bipolar elite structure
17. California is an example of which of the following elite systems?
a. dominant elite among lesser elites
b. bipolar elite structure
c. plural elite structure
d. unified elite system
ANSWER:
c. plural elite structure
19. Old community economic elites' power comes from their control over
a. capital.
b. land.
c. votes.
d. political offices.
ANSWER:
b. land.
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20. Traditionally community power structures were composed primarily of
a. landed interests.
b. owners of industry.
c. local politicians.
d. nonlocal owners of capital and land.
ANSWER:
a. landed interests.
21. Traditional community elites
a. were not concerned with consensus.
b. strove for consensus.
c. had little to do with local governments.
d. had little to do with state governments.
ANSWER:
b. strove for consensus.
22. In most American communities today, the old economic elites
a. still maintain control.
b. no longer have a shared sense of community.
c. no longer strive for consensus.
d. have been replaced by new political elites.
ANSWER:
d. have been replaced by new political elites.
23. The new community political elites
a. have experienced little success at ousting the old economic elites.
b. are tied to the land in the same way as the old economic elites.
c. seldom have a large financial stake in the community.
d. also seek community consensus on behalf of presort.
ANSWER:
c. seldom have a large financial stake in the community.
24. The new community political elites
a. are growth oriented.
b. are nongrowth oriented.
c. do express the aspirations of workers for jobs and renters for their own
homes.
d. have little interest in municipal government.
ANSWER:
b. are nongrowth oriented.
TRUE/FALSE
1. There are more than eighty-six thousand separate governments in the U.S. today.
ANSWER:
T
2. The masses play a larger role in local politics than they do in national politics.
ANSWER:
F
3. The power of Congress "to regulate interstate commerce" is an example of a
delegated power.
ANSWER:
T
4. The reserved powers of the states are found in the Fourteenth Amendment.
ANSWER:
F
5. The states are the basic units in the organizational scheme of the national
government.
ANSWER:
T
6. McCullough v. Maryland was the Supreme Court decision which defined the "necessary
and proper" clause.
ANSWER:
T
7. The nation's greatest crisis in federalism occurred in the New Deal.
ANSWER:
F
8. The Supreme Court has used the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to
ensure fairness and equality of opportunity throughout the nation.
ANSWER:
F
9. Federal grants to the states began in 1787.
ANSWER:
T
10. Under President Reagan states participated in increased revenue sharing.
ANSWER:
F
11. The pattern of federal-state relations during the nation's first one hundred years
has been described as dual federalism.
ANSWER:
T
12. The Garcia decision was considered a victory for the states.
ANSWER:
F
13. Richard Nixon strongly opposed the new federalism.
ANSWER:
F
14. California has a bipolar elite structure.
ANSWER:
F
15. No-growth movements are mass movements.
ANSWER:
F
FILL-IN-THE-BLANK
1. American federalism differs from a ______________ political system in that the
central government has no legal authority to determine, alter, or abolish the
power of the states.
ANSWER:
unitary
2. The reserved powers of the states are found in the _________ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
ANSWER:
Tenth
3. The landmark Supreme Court decision that broadly interpreted the "necessary and
proper" clause of the Constitution was _________________________.
ANSWER:
McCullough v. Maryland
4. Over the years the Supreme Court has built a national system of civil rights based
on the ___________________________________.
ANSWER:
Fourteenth Amendment
5. The pattern of federal-state relations during the nation's first hundred years has
been described as _________________________.
ANSWER:
dual federalism
6. In the _________ case the Supreme Court upheld a federal law requiring state and
local governments to obey federal wage and hour rules.
ANSWER:
Garcia
7. A state with a highly diversified economy is likely to produce a ____________
elite structure.
ANSWER:
plural
8. The one economic resource controlled by old community economic elites is ________.
ANSWER:
land
9. The no-growth movements are ___________ movements.
ANSWER:
elite
10. The principal instrument of national power in states and communities is the
federal ___________________.
ANSWER:
grant-in-aid
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