Sample Lecture Questions for Test 3

Sample Lecture Test Questions

Test 3

The following questions have been collected from sample test questions written each quarter and on reserve in the Kennedy Library. Sample questions for this quarter will not be available until approximately three days before the final. They will only be available at the library. On the other hand, to the extent that lectures are similar from one quarter to the next, the test questions contained here are fairly representative of the material that will be covered in lecture this quarter.

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Don Ryujin: Beyond Freud


R.1	According to Freud's topographical hypothesis:	
	a.	the superego is only preconscious and unconscious.
	b.	the ego only preconscious and unconscious.
	c.	The id is only unconscious.
	d.	The id is only conscious.

R.2	According to Don, Freud's concept of defense mechanisms implies	
	a.	defense mechanisms are normal.
	b.	defense mechanisms are unconscious.
	c.	defense mechanisms reduce anxiety.
	d.	all of the above.

R.3	In Carl Rogers' theory of personality (Don's lecture).	
	a.	the actualizing tendency is very similar to Freud's Superego.
	b.	there is a "Force" within us called the organismic valuing process which
		tells us whether our experiences are good or bad for us.
	c.	the OVP interferes with what is best for the person.
	d.	b and c.


R.4	In Freud's theory, the ID uses ___ to try to satisfy its needs.	 
	a.	wish fulfillment.						
	b.	moral imperatives.					
	c.	social interest.
	d.	reality principle.

R.5	The NeoFreudians emphasized (Don's lecture),	 
	a.	sex.
	b.	early chilhood.
	c.	the social environment.
	d.	none of the above.

R.6	In Carl Rogers' theory of personality, we do things which are NOT good for us
	because (Don's lecture)	 
	a.	humans have negative instincts which affect themselves and others.
	b.	we do things to obtain approval and acceptance from others.
	c.	we look for short-term gains rather than delay gratification.
	d.	humans are imperfect by nature and cannot judge what is good or bad for us.

R.7	In order to be mentally healthy, Carl Rogers' claims that we should give and 
	receive (Don's lecture)	 
	a.	conditions of worth.				
	b.	unconditional positive regard.		
	c.	social interest.
	d.	teddy bears.


Answers	Lecture	Next Set	Top of Bank

Basil Fiorito: Psychological Disorders

F.1 According to Dr. Fiorito, OCD is characterized by
a. distressing anxiety.
b. delusions.
c. hallucinations.
d. none of the above.

F.2 In terms of abnormality, Dr. Fiorito indicated that
a. it is on a continuum from ideal to normal to abnormal.
b. people who are normal share characteristics with those who are abnormal.
c. what is normal and abnormal involve social judgments and can differ from
culture to culture.
d. a and c.
e. all of the above.

F.3 According to Dr. Fiorito, the biological characteristics for OCD include:
a. a deficiency in the neurotransmitter serotonin.
b. a tendency to run in families with a prevalence rate of 20% to 30%.
c. a difference in size for certain areas of the brain compared to "normals."
d. b and c.
e. all of the above.

F.4 A disadvantage of the labeling of mental disorders is (Dr. Fiorito's lecture):
a. the label can become a self-fulfilling prophecy; the patient becomes the
label.
b. the label can lead to improper therapy.
c. both a and b.
d. neither a nor b.

F.5 According to Dr. Fiorito, only two treatment approaches work with OCD. These are
a. biological or medical, and humanistic.
b. biological or medical, and learning or behavioral.
c. learning or behavioral, and humanistic.
d. psychoanalytic and humanistic.

F.6 Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic defining abnormality
(Dr. Fiorito's lecture)?
a. the behavior is atypical or out of the ordinary.
b. the behavior violates ideal standards.
c. the behavior is maladaptive and hampers adjustment to life.
d. the person cannot distinguish right from wrong.
e. the behavior is unjustifiable and doesn't make rational sense.

F.7 Dr. Fiorito cited several advantages to labeling mental disorders. These include: a. labels create a common language for therapists and researchers.
b. labels are helpful in making treatment decisions.
c. labels allow patients to understand their disorder.
d. a and b.
e. all of the above.


Answers	Lecture	Next Set	Top of Bank

Chuck Slem: Depression and Suicide

C.1.	In terms of Dr. Slem's comments on the various models of depression,
	 which of the following statements is FALSE?	 
	a.	the cognitive model states that the way OTHER people think about 
		us causes us to become depressed.
	b.	the learning model states that depression may be due to a loss
		 in positive reinforcement.
	c.	the biological model states that depression is due to a failure 
		in neural firing.
	d.	the learning model states that depression may be due to learned 
		helplessness.

C.2.	According to Dr. Slem's lecture, which of the following is NOT
		 a symptom of CLINICAL depression? 
	a.	the depression is situation-sensitive and changes with 
		changes in the environment.
	b.	the source of the depression is unclear.
	c.	the depression is intense and interferes with
		 daily functioning.
	d.	the depression is excessive for the situation.
	e.	all of the above are signs of clinical depression.

C.3.	In terms of the prevalence of depression, Dr. Slem indicated that it is	 
	a.	affects about 15% of the adult population at any one time.
	b.	proportionally more prevalent in the adult population 
		than in college students.
	c.	affects about 5% of the suicidal population at any one time.
	d.	a and b.

C.4.	In terms of Dr. Slem's comments on suicide,	 
	a.	of those people who are depressed, a majority attempt suicide.
	b.	the majority of people who attempt suicide are depressed.
	c.	subintentional suicide may involve the heavy use of alcohol
		 and drugs or reckless driving.
	d.	b and c.
	e.	all of the above.

C.5.	According to Dr. Slem's lecture on the causes of suicide among 
	college students, 
	a.	those with the lowest grades are the MOST likely to commit suicide.
	b.	a stormy break-up of a romantic relationship is a 
		common cause of suicide.
	c.	the lack of any friends is a cause of suicide.
	d.	b and c.
	e.	all of the above.


C.6..	Dr. Slem indicated that those who attempt suicide may have 
	certain misconceptions about the act.  These include all of
	 the following EXCEPT:	 
	a.	a "Romeo and Juliet" perception that suicide is a romantic 
		way to handle life's problems.
	b.	a psychosemantic fantasy that certain offending persons 
		will be sorry and feel badly once the suicide victim has died.
	c.	an incorrect sense that there are NO other solutions to the 
		victim's problems other than suicide; the victim is NOT able
		to generate and evaluate alternative solutions to her/his problems.
	d.	a false sense that one's suicide will benefit the 
		victim's friends and family.

C.7.	In terms of depression and suicide among college students, 
	Dr. Slem indicated that 
	a.	suicide is the number one cause of death among college students.	 
	b.	a vast majority of college students are seeking help for 
		depression at any one time
	c.	during their college career, a large majority of students 
		think seriously about suicide at one time or another.
	d.	a and c.
	e.	b and c.


Answers	Lecture	Next Set	Top of Bank

Chuck Slem: Psychotherapy

S.1	In the learning/behavioral approach to therapy (Dr. Slem's lecture)	 
	a.	aversive control (punishment) has bad side-effects and is thus used in
		conjunction with positive reinforcement.
	b.	systematic desensitization replaces negative emotions with relaxation.
	c.	extinction uses negative consequences to reduce unwanted behaviors.
	d.	a and b.
	e.	all of the above.

S.2	According to Dr. Slem's lecture, the humanistic approach to therapy is
	characterized by all of the following EXCEPT	 
	a.	the therapist believes that the client can help her or himself given the 
		proper therapeutic environment.
	b.	the client attempts to empathize with the therapist and see the world from
		the therapist's perspective.
	c.	incongruence between how I see myself and how others see me or
		between how I see myself and how I want to be creates problems.
	d.	a congruent therapist.

S.3	Dr. Slem noted that psychoanalytic therapy involves all of the following EXCEPT 
	a.	the development of a safe relationship between the therapist and the client.
	b.	transference of the therapist's emotions onto the client.
	c.	an attempt to make unconscious conflicts conscious.
	d.	working through.
	e.	all of the above are involved in psychoanalytic therapy.

S.4	A film on autistic children shown during Dr. Slem's lecture on psychotherapy
	illustrated that punishment	 
	a.	is never used in therapy.
	b.	is NOT effective for reducing self-destructive behaviors.
	c.	can be effective for reducing self-destructive behaviors.
	d.	a and b.

S.5	In terms of cognitive-behavioral therapists, Dr. Slem indicated that they	 
	a.	believe that you need to change irrational thoughts as a prerequisite to
		changing behaviors.
	b.	attempt to have clients find their own solutions to their problems.
	c.	attempt to get clients to catastrophize about their problems.
	d.	a and b.
	e.	none of the above.


Answers	Lecture	Next Set	Top of Bank

Patrice Engle: Child Development

E.1	According to Dr. Engle, the style of parenting BEST suited for raising children is:   
	a. 	authoritarian
	b.	authoritative
	c.	permissive
	d.	rejecting-neglecting

E.2	Dr. Engle indicated that attachment in a child leads to a sense of:  
	a.	security
	b.	identity
	c.	dependence
	d.	social responsibility

E.3	In terms of development, Dr. Engle noted that teratogens have their greatest impact on the fetus:  
	a. 	during the earlier months of pregnancy
	b.	during the later months of pregnancy
	c.	during birth
	d.	throughout the pregnancy; no months are more critical than others.
	
E.4	According to Dr. Engle, the newborn infant can recognize his/her mother's ________ within hours of birth.  
	a.	milk
	b.	voice
	c.	facial expression
	d.	a and b
	e.	all of the above

E.5	In terms of attachment, Dr. Engle indicated that it forms:  
	a.	for the infant within the first year following birth
	b.	for the parents within the first days following birth
	c.	both a and b
	d.	neither a nor b

E.6	Attachment between infant and parent can be disrupted by (Dr. Engle) 
	a.	a separation for a period at birth
	b.	a child with a difficult temperament
	c.	parental depression or neglect
	d.	a and c
	e.	all of the above


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Shawn Burn: Gender Development

B.1.	In her lecture, Dr. Burn indicated that gender differences in abilities 	 
	a.	are numerous. 
	b.	are few, and disappearing 
	c.	are large.
	d.	do not exist.
	e.	b and c.

B.2.	The sexes seem very different because 	 
	a.	we confuse role behaviors with sex differences.
	b.	gender stereotypes.
	c.	we confuse physical appearances with differences
	d.	a and b.
	e.	all of the above.

B.3.	Dr. Burn stated that society creates gender differences through 
	all of the following ways EXCEPT	 
	a.	TV has fewer females parts and portrays them more 
		in subordinate roles.
	b.	the use of the generic łhe.˛
	c.	children observing female and male models of behavior.
	d.	differentially rewarding and punishing behaviors 
		for girls and boys.
	e.	all of the above.

B.4.	Dr. Burn showed slides on children toys which indicated that	 
	a.	toys today are helping to reduce gender differences for BOTH sexes.
	b.	current toys are now expanding the roles boys can take, but not girls.
	c.	current toys are now expanding the roles girls can take, but not boys.
	d.	current toys still aim girls towards work in the home.


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