I. MARXISM
The topics discussed are the tenents of Marxism that apply to an understanding of ethnic relations in the former USSR and the policies made regarding these groups by the Communist Party. (For a more thorough discussion of Marxism consult sources in Political Science)

A. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

1. SOURCE OF VALUE - LABOR

2. ECONOMY BASIS OF SOCIETY

3. CLASS SOCIETY - OWNERS / WORKERS


B. HISTORY

1. EVOLUTIONARY STAGES:


COMMUNAL - HUNTER / GATHER - PASTORAL/NOMADIC - AGRICULTURAL - INDUSTRIAL (CAPITALISM) - SOCIALISM - COMMUNISM


2. UNIT OF SOCIETY - INDIVIDUAL

3. UTOPIAN SOCIETY - CLASSLESS - "SOVIET MAN"


C. EQUALITY - ELIMINATION OF DIFFERENCE / EXPLOITATION


D. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

1. FAMILY

2. RELIGION

3. EDUCATION

II. UZBEK SOCIETY

A. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

1. 1300-1550 MONGOL DOMINATION

Uzbek Khan (1314-1341) ruler from which name of group derives. incorporated under Tatar control

Mongols religiously tolerant, no cultural assimilation

2. 1550-1917 TSARIST PERIOD

took over territory from Tatars, Little direct control. Uzbeks not feel cultural inferiorty because never conquored by Russians

1865 cotton - colonization by Russians of region, period of direct governance of region

buffer between Russians and British

3. 1917- 1990 SOVIET ERA

ART. 123 USSR CONSTITUTION: "any kind of direct or indirect privileges for citizens on account of their racial or national characteristics and similarly any encouragement of racial or national exclusiveness or of hatred or neglect are punishable by law."

conflict with local governor over conscription, policies, Jadid reform, occur at same time as Bol. Rev. incorporated into USSR

Same territory as Tsarist regime

preference of proletariat over peasants

a. NATIONALITIES POLICY

1917 RES. -1924 Policy "a) right of non-Russian nationalities to secede, b) regional autonomy, c) laws guaranteeing rights of minorities, d) indivisibility of party."

later a deleted.

b. CREATION OF UZBEC NATIONALITY IN 1924

5th largest republic, 1989 census 16,686,240 - 60% Uzbeks

B. SOCIAL LIFE


1. RELIGION / EDUCATION

converted to Islam in 7th century

Jadid reform - intro. secular ed.

Stalin - language - Arabic - Roman - Cyrillic

2. FAMILY / CLANS

closely tied to religion for authority

3. ECONOMICS

3rd largest cotton producer

4. EDUCATION

religious in content, males

5. AGE/GENDER STRATIFICATION

authority in hands of older males, females not considered members of clan, bought and sold until slavery abolished in 1865

III SOVIETY ASSIMILATION POLICY

Russification

GOAL - to make members of larger society by separating individuals from group, equality

A. RELIGION

Not encourage, no training of priests, no direct suppression, no proseltyzing of Christianity

B. EDUCATION

state controlled, content Western not religious, universal

1938 compulaory study of Russian in all schools

C. MILITARY

effect of training on old loyalties

D. FAMILY

discourage family ties

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